In terms of structure, a VTT file could literally be created in a text editor, although there are more efficient ways to do it. Due to general mobile capability, and being a W3C standard, WebVTT has emerged as a popular file format for closed captions. Sometimes abbreviated as VTT, which is the file extension, WebVTT is a caption format for displaying text tied to an HTML5 element. In the case of IBM’s video streaming services, WebVTT (Web Video Text Tracks) is suggested. Features across the different formats are very similar, though, and it can often come down to what provider you’re using.
This can sometimes lead to content owners asking “which caption file format is the best?”. There are a variety of different caption file formats to choose from. These caption files will contain both text and time stamps, to denote when the caption or subtitle should appear and disappear from the screen. Once content owners begin to formulate a strategy for captioning their VODs (video on-demand) files, this will often involve associating this content with a caption file. To learn more about captions, the reasons for using them and regulations behind them, check out our What is Closed Captioning article. That said, there is a growing number of online viewers who are watching content totally muted, to which captions are a natural fit for this audience. They often are used to to assist those who are deaf and hard of hearing to still enjoy and understand video material.
Text can be a transcript of the dialogue but can also be text cues for audible only events, like something that occurs off screen. Sometimes cited as simply CC, closed captions are optional text that can be displayed as part of the video. Note that in addition to support for WebVTT, IBM Watson Media also has support for automated closed captions through converting video speech to text utilizing IBM Watson.
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